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ICOs, IEOs and Token Sales, Explained

New tokens often launch through some form of public sale. The formats have evolved, and each carries different risks. From ICOs to today Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) let projects sell…

This article is for informational purposes only and is not financial advice.
ICOs, IEOs and Token Sales, Explained

New tokens often launch through some form of public sale. The formats have evolved, and each carries different risks.

From ICOs to today

Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) let projects sell tokens directly to the public and were notorious during 2017-2018 for both huge gains and rampant fraud. Later formats — exchange-run sales (IEOs), and various launchpad models — added some vetting but no guarantees.

What to weigh

Early sales are among the riskiest ways to get involved: projects may never ship, tokens can be dumped by insiders, and regulatory status is often unclear. Treat any token sale with heavy skepticism and read the tokenomics carefully.

Educational content, not financial advice. Crypto is volatile and you can lose money. Do your own research. Crypto Ruble Coins is a news and education publication — not an exchange, conversion, or off-ramp service.

Last updated 13 Jul 2026

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Crypto Ruble Coins editorial desk

The Crypto Ruble Coins editorial desk reports and edits human-written journalism on the money layer of crypto — CBDCs, stablecoins, and crypto priced in your currency. Independent. Not financial advice.

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