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ICOs, IEOs and Token Sales, Explained

New tokens often launch through some form of public sale. The formats have evolved, and each carries different risks. From ICOs to today Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) let projects sell…

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New tokens often launch through some form of public sale. The formats have evolved, and each carries different risks.

From ICOs to today

Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) let projects sell tokens directly to the public and were notorious during 2017-2018 for both huge gains and rampant fraud. Later formats — exchange-run sales (IEOs), and various launchpad models — added some vetting but no guarantees.

What to weigh

Early sales are among the riskiest ways to get involved: projects may never ship, tokens can be dumped by insiders, and regulatory status is often unclear. Treat any token sale with heavy skepticism and read the tokenomics carefully.

Educational content, not financial advice. Crypto is volatile and you can lose money. Do your own research. Crypto Ruble Coins is a news and education publication — not an exchange, conversion, or off-ramp service.

Son güncelleme 14 Jul 2026

Stanislas Pogorzelski
About the author
Stanislas Pogorzelski
Editor · France

Stanislas writes about web3, blockchain, crypto, metaverse, funding.

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